Engineering

"To solve this problem, we can use the concept of convective heat transfer. The rate of heat transfer from the water to the air can be calculated using Newton's law of cooling:

Q = h A Δ T

Where:

Q is the rate of heat transfer (in watts, W)

ℎ is the convective heat transfer coefficient (in watts per square meter per Kelvin, W/(m^2·K))

A is the surface area of the tube (in square meters, m^2)

ΔT is the temperature difference between the water and the air (in Kelvin, K)

The convective heat transfer coefficient ℎ can be calculated using empirical correlations or obtained from tables for specific geometries and flow conditions."