Question 2:
Albert is hiking in the Canadian Rockies when they are startled by a bear, activating their ‘fight or flight’ response.
Using your knowledge of autonomic control of the cardiovascular system, answer the following questions.
Part A. Explain how activation of the sympathetic nervous system affects heart rate.
Part B. Albert’s cardiac output will also be altered in this situation. Explain the physiological mechanisms that cause this change in cardiac output.
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