Assessment activity 1 - Knowledge questions

Q1 Reflecting on your own background, experiences and beliefs, answer the following questions in regard to characteristics associated with diversity:

a) How would you describe your cultural perspectives and/or biases and why?

My cultural perspective recognizes the diversity in the world. I have been taught about the essence of respecting the culture of others and relating well with different people. However, it is not free from biases. For instance, I have grown knowing that my culture is the best and superior to all cultures. Therefore, the fact that I respect cultural diversity, I internally disregard other cultures without demonstrating it. This is because that is what I learned as I grew up from my family and other people from my culture. However, this bias is spontaneously fading as I continue to interact with people from different cultures. Currently, I respect every one, appreciate diversity and view every culture as equal though different.

b) Identify two (2) limitations in your own self and social awareness

The two main limitations to self and social awareness are illusions and information. Illusions lead to the misinterpretation of perceptions and other aspects related to the others. Information from others often contain lies which limit my social awareness. As a result, I often have misguided self and social awareness.

c) Identify and plan for ways to improve your own self and social awareness

I will improve self and social awareness through recognition of circumstance which make me uncomfortable and alter my reaction for better outcomes. I will also pay attention to behaviours that may prompt me to give negative feedback and modify my behaviour. Similarly, I will avoid reliance on information from others and apologize when I make insensitive errors. Moreover, I will ensure keenness when using body language and listen to others properly. Furthermore, I will embrace my positive traits apply them in interactions involving different people.

Q2 In your own words explain the concept and definition of diversity. Personally, diversity is the ability to recognize that each and every one is unique but equal. Therefore, diversity necessitates everyone to respect others despite their existing difference. In this way, an individual will not have negative perceptions and attitudes towards another.

Q3 Provide examples of how the following elements of diversity may impact on work and life:

a) Political

Political diversity enhances peaceful co-existence among individuals. Therefore, it ensures there is peace at work and in the whole country. It helps avoid political instability and demonstrations that might stagnate the economy. What does this sentence mean? What is an example?

b) Social

Social diversity ensures equal access to social services thus promoting equality. It ensures that all the people have access to healthcare, education and social support hence it promotes economic development and eliminates dependence (Bartels & Meale, 2011). Example?

c) Economical

Economic diversity brings together individuals with diverse business skills hence they promote economic development. The diverse community provides an extensive market for local goods and brings skills needed in the market (Bartels & Meale, 2011). Example?

d) Cultural

Cultural diversity enhances collaboration among different members either in the workplace or at any other environment. Different people interact together peacefully when cultural diversity is in existence (Bartels & Meale, 2011). Therefore, people from diverse cultures share ideas and skills that are socially and economically beneficial. Example?

Q4 Diversity is complex and the table below shows diversity in many different aspects of life.

a) For each key area in the table below, provide at least one (1) example of diversity.

Key area	Examples
Disability e.g. physical disability	Building elevators for those with movement disability
Culture, race, ethnicity	Employing people from different ethnic groups
Religious or spiritual beliefs	Respect religious holidays, employing people from different religious groups.
Gender, including transgender	Promoting gender equality in workplace through recruitment
Intersex	Advocating for the end of intersex stigmatization
Generational	Offering job opportunities to individuals of different age
Sexual orientation and/or sexual identity	Advocating for the rights of LGBT and access to equal opportunities.

b) Provide 1 each international, national, State, Territory and local legal framework for working with diverse clients

International- The United Nations’ (UN) Universal Declaration on Human

National- the Australian human rights commission is the primary national legal framework for working with diverse clients. Such as? You have not given an example.

State- The Victorian Equal Opportunity and Human Rights Commission, 2019

Territory- the Australian Capital Territory Human Rights Act 2004

Local- The Tasmanian Government Charter of Human Rights and Responsibilities for Tasmania. This is a State example, not local.

c) What are the consequences of breaching this legislation?

The consequences of breaching this legislation include disciplinary action and legal proceedings. Such actions may include global shaming and restrictions. This is a short answer assignment and need to be a least a paragraph to meet the diploma level. Reference required please.

d) What ethical issues must you consider when caring for diverse clients?

Ethical issues are common when dealing with diverse clients. It is essential to respect every client as a human not for who he or she. It is essential to respect the language difference and any other differences. Similarly, disclosure of information is crucial as well as avoidance of misconceptions. What is a potential issue. References?

e) Outline the universal declaration of human rights.

The Universal Declaration of human rights enlists the rights and freedoms that every human being must enjoy equally. The UN (2015) provides a list of 30 articles relevant to under the universal declaration of human rights, 3 of 30 are directly quoted below:

Article 1- All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.

Article 2- Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status.

Article 3- Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person.

f) What is the relationship between human needs and human rights?

Human needs refers to the possessions such as food and water that human beings must have for survival while human rights are the possessions that humans are privileged to have by the virtue they are humans (UN, 2015). Again it need to be a paragraph.

g) What frame works, approaches and instruments are used in the work place to maintain human rights?

The UN human rights approach is often used in the workplace to maintain human rights. The approach entails different treaties and agreements which serve as the framework for maintaining human rights. The international framework for human rights includes the Universal declaration of human rights and six human rights treaties (UN, 2014). The treaties are the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights; the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights; the Convention on the Rights of the Child; the Convention against Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment; the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; and the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women. Every country in the world has ratified at least one of these, and many have ratified most of them. These treaties are important tools for holding governments accountable for the respect for, protection of and realization of the rights of individuals in their country. The framework regards human rights as indivisible and interdependent (UN, 2014). What about more local frameworks, such as the Australian or NSW anti-discrimination laws.

Q5 Identify three (3) resources, available to support people of diverse social and/or cultural backgrounds?

There are national, state and territorial resources available to support people from diverse social and cultural backgrounds in Australia Carers Australia (2019). They offer financial and educational support.

National: National resources include the Australian Mosaic, Early Intervention Services for children with disabilities and Partners in Culturally Appropriate Care (PICAC) PROGRAM.

State: State resources include the Advance diversity, Multicultural care and caring in a culturally diverse community.

Territorial: They include Carers ACT support for carers who are multilingual and Villaggio Italiano Limited

Q6 Explain four (4) ways to help overcome communication difficulties with clients from differing cultural and linguistic backgrounds

a) It is essential to empower patients and facilitate the building of trust and cultural awareness (Conway, Tsourtos & Lawn, 2017). This will help avoid miscommunication and poor healthcare outcomes.

b) The healthcare professional should use appropriate language, disclose relevant information and embrace de-medicalization. It will eliminate miscommunication and poor outcomes which emanate from suspicion, blame, and distrust.

c) Similarly, the healthcare professionals should share knowledge with the patients and their families to build community knowledge. It equips all the parties with the relevant information that emphasises on diversity and the need to access services such as healthcare.

d) Collaboration between the patient and the care professionals is essential facilitate quick recovery and self-management. It will foster the practitioner-patient relationship and allow the development of patient-centred interventions. Reference? Should be written in a paragraph form.

Q7 Complete the following table to:

a) identify barriers that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people may encounter

b) describe the impact those barriers have on the ability of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people to engage effectively with care services?

Issues	Barriers experienced by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people		Impact of barriers on access and engagement with care services
Social	Lack of culturally appropriate healthcare services		High staff turnover, poor staff-patient relationships
Political		Poor representation
Economic	Low economic standards and poor distribution of resources		unaffordable cost of healthcare and unavailability time/ability to attend appointments
Cultural	racism/discrimination		Stigmatization leading to fear of accessing care. S

Q8 a) What might be some of the special needs for people seeking political asylum in Australia?

People who seek political asylum in Australia have differing special needs. According to Askew et al. (2014), most of the migrants suffer from chronic diseases such as diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and cardiovascular diseases. The justification of this claim is the ordeals they undergo or witness in their home countries. For instance, some of the escape from their countries of origin with severe mental disorders such as depression due to pain and torture they experienced back at home. Other escape with injuries and may be disability. All these people need specialized care for them to recover. Additionally, some individuals are forced to leave their schools and terminate their education. Such individuals migrate into Australia with the desire to continue with education. Such individuals are prone to cardiovascular diseases which adversely affect their lives thus lowering their productivity, and life expectancy. Therefore, they require special attention to help them recover and get the chance pursue their educational endeavours. Such individuals are often economically, socially, culturally and politically disadvantaged. Consequently, they need special care such as specialized care which embraces cultural awareness.

b) What are some protective factors you could incorporate into care of this marginalised group?

Marginalized groups require health equity to address their special needs. There are several protective measures that can potentially address their problems. The care should include preventative initiatives, psychological support, and distribution of healthcare services to the rural areas and inclusivity of such individuals in healthcare. One such protective factor is to ensure healthcare availability and accessibility in areas where they live. There should be substantial financial and linguistic support to enhance cultural awareness (Li, 2017). Effective communication is essential because it eliminates confusion and misunderstandings thus improving healthcare outcomes (Li, 2017). It is difficult and almost impossible to realize equitable access to care when linguistic and cultural discrepancies are evident in the system. Therefore, I will ensure the presence of speech-language pathologist for the marginalized group. Similarly, I will eliminate the cultural distance between the health professionals and the marginalized groups to address communication differences. Li (2017) notes that communication differences results into misdiagnoses and development of inappropriate interventions. Therefore, I promote cultural identity by ensuring the people participate in their treatment. This is possible by ensuring the presence of healthcare professionals with the same identity. For instance, a healthcare professional who share the culture of the group can provide a favorable care environment compared to the one from a different cultural identity. Li (2017) points out that individuals may refuse to access seek healthcare services from a healthcare professional from different ethnic group due to perceived lack of cultural safety.

c) What is the impacts of discrimination, trauma exclusions and negative attitudes on marginalised groups?

Marginalized groups face detrimental challenges such as discrimination, trauma and negative perceptions. Such issues have harmful negative impacts on the groups. For instance, they hinder communication between the health practitioners and the people. A poor relationship is direct proportional with poor outcomes. It erodes the willingness of the marginalized groups to access and use the healthcare facilities. Even when they access the healthcare facilities, the