4. Mooring refers to a group of tasks performed to safely locate a ship alongside a berth or jetty. This process has associated risks on terminal operations like safe docking/undocking, loading / unloading of cargo, movement of personnel and vehicles etc. Research on the process of ship mooring to gain understanding of variability in activities while performing the mooring operation.

Following are some of the suggested literature. (This is not a prescriptive list)

https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/jcu/reader.action?docID=3115705&ppg=134

http://seaways.net.au/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Jetty-Safety-book.pdf

https://www.forthports.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/POTLLMooringManual.pdf

a. Develop the sequence of events and identify key functions related to mooring of a ship. Identify major risks in mooring operation.

b. Generate an instantaneous FRAM model representing activities as they occur in the sharp edge of the system.

c. Explain sources of Internal, External Variability and Upstream-Downstream Coupling