Question 1. A group of researchers have isolated three novel compounds from the venom of a newly discovered species of wasp. Based on their structure and protein chemistry, the researchers believe that all three compounds may have strong anti-inflammatory activity and they have devised an experiment to test whether their compounds can reduce inflammation in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis (MS). They plan to inject the 3 compounds into a mouse model of MS and take blood samples to measure levels of inflammation. They will use the following treatment groups:

Sample 1) no treatment (control) (N = 8)

Sample 2) 1mg/kg of Compound ‘A’ (N = 8)

Sample 3) 1mg/kg of Compound ‘B’, (N = 8)

and;

Sample 4) 1mg/kg of Compound ‘C’ (N = 8)

They perform their experiment and analyse their results using a 1-way ANOVA followed by a Tukey HSD post-hoc test. The results are reported in Table 1 below,

Based on this report (and assuming that none of the compounds significantly increased inflammation), what would you conclude about the 3 compounds and their effectiveness?

Which compound(s) would you choose for further study?